diff --git a/examples/photos_repl.py b/examples/photos_repl.py
index 3245b599..52a3c5e6 100755
--- a/examples/photos_repl.py
+++ b/examples/photos_repl.py
@@ -20,11 +20,7 @@ from osxphotos.__main__ import get_photos_db, _list_libraries
 def main():
     db = None
 
-    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
-        db = sys.argv[1]
-    else:
-        db = get_photos_db()
-
+    db = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else get_photos_db()
     if db:
         print("loading database")
         tic = time.perf_counter()
diff --git a/osxphotos/__main__.py b/osxphotos/__main__.py
index e584637a..b000ea46 100644
--- a/osxphotos/__main__.py
+++ b/osxphotos/__main__.py
@@ -534,10 +534,7 @@ def info(ctx, cli_obj, db, json_, photos_library):
         return
 
     pdb = osxphotos.PhotosDB(dbfile=db)
-    info = {}
-    info["database_path"] = pdb.db_path
-    info["database_version"] = pdb.db_version
-
+    info = {"database_path": pdb.db_path, "database_version": pdb.db_version}
     photos = pdb.photos()
     not_shared_photos = [p for p in photos if not p.shared]
     info["photo_count"] = len(not_shared_photos)
@@ -1175,7 +1172,7 @@ def export(
         (export_as_hardlink, exiftool),
         (any(place), no_place),
     ]
-    if any([all(bb) for bb in exclusive]):
+    if any(all(bb) for bb in exclusive):
         click.echo("Incompatible export options", err=True)
         click.echo(cli.commands["export"].get_help(ctx), err=True)
         return
@@ -1186,11 +1183,6 @@ def export(
         not x for x in [skip_edited, skip_bursts, skip_live, skip_raw]
     ]
 
-    # though the command line option is current_name, internally all processing
-    # logic uses original_name which is the boolean inverse of current_name
-    # because the original code used --original-name as an option
-    original_name = not current_name
-
     # verify exiftool installed an in path
     if exiftool:
         try:
@@ -1283,10 +1275,6 @@ def export(
     )
 
     results_exported = []
-    results_new = []
-    results_updated = []
-    results_skipped = []
-    results_exif_updated = []
     if photos:
         if export_bursts:
             # add the burst_photos to the export set
@@ -1300,7 +1288,50 @@ def export(
         photo_str = "photos" if num_photos > 1 else "photo"
         click.echo(f"Exporting {num_photos} {photo_str} to {dest}...")
         start_time = time.perf_counter()
-        if not verbose_:
+        # though the command line option is current_name, internally all processing
+        # logic uses original_name which is the boolean inverse of current_name
+        # because the original code used --original-name as an option
+        original_name = not current_name
+
+        results_new = []
+        results_updated = []
+        results_skipped = []
+        results_exif_updated = []
+        if verbose_:
+            for p in photos:
+                results = export_photo(
+                    photo=p,
+                    dest=dest,
+                    verbose_=verbose_,
+                    export_by_date=export_by_date,
+                    sidecar=sidecar,
+                    update=update,
+                    export_as_hardlink=export_as_hardlink,
+                    overwrite=overwrite,
+                    export_edited=export_edited,
+                    original_name=original_name,
+                    export_live=export_live,
+                    download_missing=download_missing,
+                    exiftool=exiftool,
+                    directory=directory,
+                    filename_template=filename_template,
+                    no_extended_attributes=no_extended_attributes,
+                    export_raw=export_raw,
+                    album_keyword=album_keyword,
+                    person_keyword=person_keyword,
+                    keyword_template=keyword_template,
+                    export_db=export_db,
+                    fileutil=fileutil,
+                    dry_run=dry_run,
+                    edited_suffix=edited_suffix,
+                )
+                results_exported.extend(results.exported)
+                results_new.extend(results.new)
+                results_updated.extend(results.updated)
+                results_skipped.extend(results.skipped)
+                results_exif_updated.extend(results.exif_updated)
+
+        else:
             # show progress bar
             with click.progressbar(photos) as bar:
                 for p in bar:
@@ -1335,47 +1366,9 @@ def export(
                     results_updated.extend(results.updated)
                     results_skipped.extend(results.skipped)
                     results_exif_updated.extend(results.exif_updated)
-        else:
-            for p in photos:
-                results = export_photo(
-                    photo=p,
-                    dest=dest,
-                    verbose_=verbose_,
-                    export_by_date=export_by_date,
-                    sidecar=sidecar,
-                    update=update,
-                    export_as_hardlink=export_as_hardlink,
-                    overwrite=overwrite,
-                    export_edited=export_edited,
-                    original_name=original_name,
-                    export_live=export_live,
-                    download_missing=download_missing,
-                    exiftool=exiftool,
-                    directory=directory,
-                    filename_template=filename_template,
-                    no_extended_attributes=no_extended_attributes,
-                    export_raw=export_raw,
-                    album_keyword=album_keyword,
-                    person_keyword=person_keyword,
-                    keyword_template=keyword_template,
-                    export_db=export_db,
-                    fileutil=fileutil,
-                    dry_run=dry_run,
-                    edited_suffix=edited_suffix,
-                )
-                results_exported.extend(results.exported)
-                results_new.extend(results.new)
-                results_updated.extend(results.updated)
-                results_skipped.extend(results.skipped)
-                results_exif_updated.extend(results.exif_updated)
-
         stop_time = time.perf_counter()
         # print summary results
-        if not update:
-            photo_str = "photos" if len(results_exported) != 1 else "photo"
-            click.echo(f"Exported: {len(results_exported)} {photo_str}")
-            click.echo(f"Elapsed time: {stop_time-start_time} seconds")
-        else:
+        if update:
             photo_str_new = "photos" if len(results_new) != 1 else "photo"
             photo_str_updated = "photos" if len(results_new) != 1 else "photo"
             photo_str_skipped = "photos" if len(results_skipped) != 1 else "photo"
@@ -1388,8 +1381,10 @@ def export(
                 + f"skipped: {len(results_skipped)} {photo_str_skipped}, "
                 + f"updated EXIF data: {len(results_exif_updated)} {photo_str_exif_updated}"
             )
-            click.echo(f"Elapsed time: {stop_time-start_time} seconds")
-
+        else:
+            photo_str = "photos" if len(results_exported) != 1 else "photo"
+            click.echo(f"Exported: {len(results_exported)} {photo_str}")
+        click.echo(f"Elapsed time: {stop_time-start_time} seconds")
     else:
         click.echo("Did not find any photos to export")
 
@@ -1412,8 +1407,8 @@ def help(ctx, topic, **kw):
 
 
 def print_photo_info(photos, json=False):
+    dump = []
     if json:
-        dump = []
         for p in photos:
             dump.append(p.json())
         click.echo(f"[{', '.join(dump)}]")
@@ -1422,7 +1417,6 @@ def print_photo_info(photos, json=False):
         csv_writer = csv.writer(
             sys.stdout, delimiter=",", quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL
         )
-        dump = []
         # add headers
         dump.append(
             [
@@ -1990,10 +1984,7 @@ def get_filenames_from_template(photo, filename_template, original_name):
             )
         filenames = [f"{file_}{photo_ext}" for file_ in filenames]
     else:
-        if original_name:
-            filenames = [photo.original_filename]
-        else:
-            filenames = [photo.filename]
+        filenames = [photo.original_filename] if original_name else [photo.filename]
     return filenames
 
 
@@ -2019,13 +2010,18 @@ def get_dirnames_from_template(photo, directory, export_by_date, dest, dry_run):
         dest_path = os.path.join(
             dest, date_created.year, date_created.mm, date_created.dd
         )
-        if not dry_run and not os.path.isdir(dest_path):
+        if not (dry_run or os.path.isdir(dest_path)):
             os.makedirs(dest_path)
         dest_paths = [dest_path]
     elif directory:
         # got a directory template, render it and check results are valid
         dirnames, unmatched = photo.render_template(directory)
-        if not dirnames or unmatched:
+        if not dirnames:
+            raise click.BadOptionUsage(
+                "directory",
+                f"Invalid template '{directory}': results={dirnames} unmatched={unmatched}",
+            )
+        elif unmatched:
             raise click.BadOptionUsage(
                 "directory",
                 f"Invalid template '{directory}': results={dirnames} unmatched={unmatched}",
@@ -2036,7 +2032,7 @@ def get_dirnames_from_template(photo, directory, export_by_date, dest, dry_run):
             dest_path = os.path.join(dest, dirname)
             if not is_valid_filepath(dest_path, platform="auto"):
                 raise ValueError(f"Invalid file path: '{dest_path}'")
-            if not dry_run and not os.path.isdir(dest_path):
+            if not (dry_run or os.path.isdir(dest_path)):
                 os.makedirs(dest_path)
             dest_paths.append(dest_path)
     else:
diff --git a/osxphotos/_export_db.py b/osxphotos/_export_db.py
index f6fc5e62..1eaf944d 100644
--- a/osxphotos/_export_db.py
+++ b/osxphotos/_export_db.py
@@ -445,10 +445,7 @@ class ExportDB(ExportDB_ABC):
         dt = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
         python_path = sys.executable
         cmd = sys.argv[0]
-        if len(sys.argv) > 1:
-            args = " ".join(sys.argv[1:])
-        else:
-            args = ""
+        args = " ".join(sys.argv[1:]) if len(sys.argv) > 1 else ""
         cwd = os.getcwd()
         conn = self._conn
         try:
diff --git a/osxphotos/_version.py b/osxphotos/_version.py
index e5ae0f3b..0f2121a4 100644
--- a/osxphotos/_version.py
+++ b/osxphotos/_version.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 """ version info """
 
-__version__ = "0.29.9"
+__version__ = "0.29.10"
diff --git a/osxphotos/albuminfo.py b/osxphotos/albuminfo.py
index 4b1e4908..5ca86c4a 100644
--- a/osxphotos/albuminfo.py
+++ b/osxphotos/albuminfo.py
@@ -62,10 +62,7 @@ class AlbumInfo:
         try:
             return self._folder_names
         except AttributeError:
-            if self._db._db_version <= _PHOTOS_4_VERSION:
-                self._folder_names = self._db._album_folder_hierarchy_list(self._uuid)
-            else:
-                self._folder_names = self._db._album_folder_hierarchy_list(self._uuid)
+            self._folder_names = self._db._album_folder_hierarchy_list(self._uuid)
             return self._folder_names
 
     @property
diff --git a/osxphotos/datetime_formatter.py b/osxphotos/datetime_formatter.py
index 541c2696..5c913872 100644
--- a/osxphotos/datetime_formatter.py
+++ b/osxphotos/datetime_formatter.py
@@ -12,53 +12,44 @@ class DateTimeFormatter:
     @property
     def date(self):
         """ ISO date in form 2020-03-22 """
-        date = self.dt.date().isoformat()
-        return date
+        return self.dt.date().isoformat()
 
     @property
     def year(self):
         """ 4 digit year """
-        year = f"{self.dt.year}"
-        return year
+        return f"{self.dt.year}"
 
     @property
     def yy(self):
         """ 2 digit year """
-        yy = f"{self.dt.strftime('%y')}"
-        return yy
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%y')}"
 
     @property
     def mm(self):
         """ 2 digit month """
-        mm = f"{self.dt.strftime('%m')}"
-        return mm
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%m')}"
 
     @property
     def month(self):
         """ Month as locale's full name """
-        month = f"{self.dt.strftime('%B')}"
-        return month
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%B')}"
 
     @property
     def mon(self):
         """ Month as locale's abbreviated name """
-        mon = f"{self.dt.strftime('%b')}"
-        return mon
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%b')}"
 
     @property
     def dd(self):
         """ 2-digit day of the month """
-        dd = f"{self.dt.strftime('%d')}"
-        return dd
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%d')}"
 
     @property
     def dow(self):
         """ Day of week as locale's name """
-        dow = f"{self.dt.strftime('%A')}"
-        return dow
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%A')}"
 
     @property
     def doy(self):
         """ Julian day of year starting from 001 """
-        doy = f"{self.dt.strftime('%j')}"
-        return doy
+        return f"{self.dt.strftime('%j')}"
diff --git a/osxphotos/exiftool.py b/osxphotos/exiftool.py
index 3fad1e5d..e01ebe31 100644
--- a/osxphotos/exiftool.py
+++ b/osxphotos/exiftool.py
@@ -59,11 +59,7 @@ class _ExifToolProc:
                 )
             return
 
-        if exiftool:
-            self._exiftool = exiftool
-        else:
-            self._exiftool = get_exiftool_path()
-
+        self._exiftool = exiftool if exiftool else get_exiftool_path()
         self._process_running = False
         self._start_proc()
 
@@ -156,8 +152,7 @@ class ExifTool:
 
         if value is None:
             value = ""
-        command = []
-        command.append(f"-{tag}={value}")
+        command = [f"-{tag}={value}"]
         if self.overwrite:
             command.append("-overwrite_original")
         self.run_commands(*command)
@@ -193,7 +188,7 @@ class ExifTool:
             no_file: (bool) do not pass the filename to exiftool (default=False)
                      by default, all commands will be run against self.file
                      use no_file=True to run a command without passing the filename """
-        if not hasattr(self, "_process") or not self._process:
+        if not (hasattr(self, "_process") and self._process):
             raise ValueError("exiftool process is not running")
 
         if not commands:
@@ -245,8 +240,7 @@ class ExifTool:
 
     def json(self):
         """ returns JSON string containing all EXIF tags and values from exiftool """
-        json_str = self.run_commands("-json")
-        return json_str
+        return self.run_commands("-json")
 
     def _read_exif(self):
         """ read exif data from file """
@@ -254,5 +248,4 @@ class ExifTool:
         self.data = {k: v for k, v in data.items()}
 
     def __str__(self):
-        str_ = f"file: {self.file}\nexiftool: {self._exiftoolproc._exiftool}"
-        return str_
+        return f"file: {self.file}\nexiftool: {self._exiftoolproc._exiftool}"
diff --git a/osxphotos/fileutil.py b/osxphotos/fileutil.py
index c07c9570..440a031e 100644
--- a/osxphotos/fileutil.py
+++ b/osxphotos/fileutil.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
 class FileUtilABC(ABC):
     """ Abstract base class for FileUtil """
+
     @classmethod
     @abstractmethod
     def hardlink(cls, src, dest):
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ class FileUtilABC(ABC):
 
 class FileUtilMacOS(FileUtilABC):
     """ Various file utilities """
+
     @classmethod
     def hardlink(cls, src, dest):
         """ Hardlinks a file from src path to dest path 
@@ -119,9 +121,7 @@ class FileUtilMacOS(FileUtilABC):
 
         if s1[0] != stat.S_IFREG or s2[0] != stat.S_IFREG:
             return False
-        if s1 == s2:
-            return True
-        return False
+        return s1 == s2
 
     @classmethod
     def file_sig(cls, f1):
@@ -135,14 +135,17 @@ class FileUtilMacOS(FileUtilABC):
 
 class FileUtil(FileUtilMacOS):
     """ Various file utilities """
+
     pass
 
+
 class FileUtilNoOp(FileUtil):
     """ No-Op implementation of FileUtil for testing / dry-run mode
         all methods with exception of cmp_sig and file_cmp are no-op
         cmp_sig functions as FileUtil.cmp_sig does
         file_cmp returns mock data
     """
+
     @staticmethod
     def noop(*args):
         pass
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ class FileUtilNoOp(FileUtil):
                 cls.verbose = verbose
             else:
                 raise ValueError(f"verbose {verbose} not callable")
-        return super(FileUtilNoOp, cls).__new__(cls) 
+        return super(FileUtilNoOp, cls).__new__(cls)
 
     @classmethod
     def hardlink(cls, src, dest):
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ class FileUtilNoOp(FileUtil):
     @classmethod
     def copy(cls, src, dest, norsrc=False):
         cls.verbose(f"copy: {src} {dest}")
-        
+
     @classmethod
     def unlink(cls, dest):
         cls.verbose(f"unlink: {dest}")
diff --git a/osxphotos/photoinfo/_photoinfo_export.py b/osxphotos/photoinfo/_photoinfo_export.py
index 450053f2..ce44ff65 100644
--- a/osxphotos/photoinfo/_photoinfo_export.py
+++ b/osxphotos/photoinfo/_photoinfo_export.py
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ def _xmp_sidecar(
 def _write_sidecar(self, filename, sidecar_str):
     """ write sidecar_str to filename
         used for exporting sidecar info """
-    if not filename and not sidecar_str:
+    if not (filename or sidecar_str):
         raise (
             ValueError(
                 f"filename {filename} and sidecar_str {sidecar_str} must not be None"
diff --git a/osxphotos/photosdb/photosdb.py b/osxphotos/photosdb/photosdb.py
index e3ee0f46..2079fb7f 100644
--- a/osxphotos/photosdb/photosdb.py
+++ b/osxphotos/photosdb/photosdb.py
@@ -294,18 +294,17 @@ class PhotosDB:
     @property
     def keywords_as_dict(self):
         """ return keywords as dict of keyword, count in reverse sorted order (descending) """
-        keywords = {}
-        for k in self._dbkeywords_keyword.keys():
-            keywords[k] = len(self._dbkeywords_keyword[k])
+        keywords = {
+            k: len(self._dbkeywords_keyword[k]) for k in self._dbkeywords_keyword.keys()
+        }
+
         keywords = dict(sorted(keywords.items(), key=lambda kv: kv[1], reverse=True))
         return keywords
 
     @property
     def persons_as_dict(self):
         """ return persons as dict of person, count in reverse sorted order (descending) """
-        persons = {}
-        for k in self._dbfaces_person.keys():
-            persons[k] = len(self._dbfaces_person[k])
+        persons = {k: len(self._dbfaces_person[k]) for k in self._dbfaces_person.keys()}
         persons = dict(sorted(persons.items(), key=lambda kv: kv[1], reverse=True))
         return persons
 
@@ -413,13 +412,12 @@ class PhotosDB:
     def album_info(self):
         """ return list of AlbumInfo objects for each album in the photos database """
 
-        albums = [
+        return [
             AlbumInfo(db=self, uuid=album)
             for album in self._dbalbums_album.keys()
             if self._dbalbum_details[album]["cloudownerhashedpersonid"] is None
             and not self._dbalbum_details[album]["intrash"]
         ]
-        return albums
 
     @property
     def album_info_shared(self):
@@ -433,13 +431,12 @@ class PhotosDB:
             )
             return []
 
-        albums_shared = [
+        return [
             AlbumInfo(db=self, uuid=album)
             for album in self._dbalbums_album.keys()
             if self._dbalbum_details[album]["cloudownerhashedpersonid"] is not None
             and not self._dbalbum_details[album]["intrash"]
         ]
-        return albums_shared
 
     @property
     def albums(self):
diff --git a/osxphotos/phototemplate.py b/osxphotos/phototemplate.py
index ce0e0bb4..0cc8b5a8 100644
--- a/osxphotos/phototemplate.py
+++ b/osxphotos/phototemplate.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """ Custom template system for osxphotos (implemented in PhotoInfo.render_template) """
 
+
 # Rolled my own template system because:
 # 1. Needed to handle multiple values (e.g. album, keyword)
 # 2. Needed to handle default values if template not found
@@ -8,7 +9,6 @@
 # 4. Couldn't figure out how to do #1 and #2 with str.format()
 #
 # This code isn't elegant but it seems to work well.  PRs gladly accepted.
-
 import locale
 import os
 import re
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ TEMPLATE_SUBSTITUTIONS_MULTI_VALUED = {
 # Just the multi-valued substitution names without the braces
 MULTI_VALUE_SUBSTITUTIONS = [
     field.replace("{", "").replace("}", "")
-    for field in TEMPLATE_SUBSTITUTIONS_MULTI_VALUED.keys()
+    for field in TEMPLATE_SUBSTITUTIONS_MULTI_VALUED
 ]
 
 
@@ -234,172 +234,178 @@ class PhotoTemplate:
         """
 
         # must be a valid keyword
-        if field =="name":
+        if field == "name":
             return pathlib.Path(self.photo.filename).stem
 
-        if field =="original_name":
+        if field == "original_name":
             return pathlib.Path(self.photo.original_filename).stem
 
-        if field =="title":
+        if field == "title":
             return self.photo.title
 
-        if field =="descr":
+        if field == "descr":
             return self.photo.description
 
-        if field =="created.date":
+        if field == "created.date":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).date
 
-        if field =="created.year":
+        if field == "created.year":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).year
 
-        if field =="created.yy":
+        if field == "created.yy":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).yy
 
-        if field =="created.mm":
+        if field == "created.mm":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).mm
 
-        if field =="created.month":
+        if field == "created.month":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).month
 
-        if field =="created.mon":
+        if field == "created.mon":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).mon
 
-        if field =="created.dd":
+        if field == "created.dd":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).dd
 
-        if field =="created.dow":
+        if field == "created.dow":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).dow
 
-        if field =="created.doy":
+        if field == "created.doy":
             return DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date).doy
 
-        if field =="modified.date":
+        if field == "modified.date":
             return (
                 DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).date
                 if self.photo.date_modified
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.year":
+        if field == "modified.year":
             return (
                 DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).year
                 if self.photo.date_modified
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.yy":
+        if field == "modified.yy":
             return (
-                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).yy if self.photo.date_modified else None
+                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).yy
+                if self.photo.date_modified
+                else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.mm":
+        if field == "modified.mm":
             return (
-                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).mm if self.photo.date_modified else None
+                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).mm
+                if self.photo.date_modified
+                else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.month":
+        if field == "modified.month":
             return (
                 DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).month
                 if self.photo.date_modified
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.mon":
+        if field == "modified.mon":
             return (
                 DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).mon
                 if self.photo.date_modified
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.dd":
+        if field == "modified.dd":
             return (
-                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).dd if self.photo.date_modified else None
+                DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).dd
+                if self.photo.date_modified
+                else None
             )
 
-        if field =="modified.doy":
+        if field == "modified.doy":
             return (
                 DateTimeFormatter(self.photo.date_modified).doy
                 if self.photo.date_modified
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.name":
+        if field == "place.name":
             return self.photo.place.name if self.photo.place else None
 
-        if field =="place.country_code":
+        if field == "place.country_code":
             return self.photo.place.country_code if self.photo.place else None
 
-        if field =="place.name.country":
+        if field == "place.name.country":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.names.country[0]
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.names.country
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.name.state_province":
+        if field == "place.name.state_province":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.names.state_province[0]
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.names.state_province
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.name.city":
+        if field == "place.name.city":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.names.city[0]
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.names.city
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.name.area_of_interest":
+        if field == "place.name.area_of_interest":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.names.area_of_interest[0]
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.names.area_of_interest
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address":
+        if field == "place.address":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address_str
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address_str
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.street":
+        if field == "place.address.street":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.street
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.street
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.city":
+        if field == "place.address.city":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.city
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.city
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.state_province":
+        if field == "place.address.state_province":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.state_province
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.state_province
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.postal_code":
+        if field == "place.address.postal_code":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.postal_code
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.postal_code
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.country":
+        if field == "place.address.country":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.country
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.country
                 else None
             )
 
-        if field =="place.address.country_code":
+        if field == "place.address.country_code":
             return (
                 self.photo.place.address.iso_country_code
                 if self.photo.place and self.photo.place.address.iso_country_code
diff --git a/osxphotos/placeinfo.py b/osxphotos/placeinfo.py
index ec78c34e..5b261575 100644
--- a/osxphotos/placeinfo.py
+++ b/osxphotos/placeinfo.py
@@ -87,19 +87,19 @@ class PLRevGeoLocationInfo:
         self.postalAddress = postalAddress
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
-        for field in [
-            "addressString",
-            "countryCode",
-            "isHome",
-            "compoundNames",
-            "compoundSecondaryNames",
-            "version",
-            "geoServiceProvider",
-            "postalAddress",
-        ]:
-            if getattr(self, field) != getattr(other, field):
-                return False
-        return True
+        return all(
+            getattr(self, field) == getattr(other, field)
+            for field in [
+                "addressString",
+                "countryCode",
+                "isHome",
+                "compoundNames",
+                "compoundSecondaryNames",
+                "version",
+                "geoServiceProvider",
+                "postalAddress",
+            ]
+        )
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self.__eq__(other)
@@ -151,21 +151,17 @@ class PLRevGeoMapItem:
         self.finalPlaceInfos = finalPlaceInfos
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
-        for field in ["sortedPlaceInfos", "finalPlaceInfos"]:
-            if getattr(self, field) != getattr(other, field):
-                return False
-        return True
+        return all(
+            getattr(self, field) == getattr(other, field)
+            for field in ["sortedPlaceInfos", "finalPlaceInfos"]
+        )
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self.__eq__(other)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        sortedPlaceInfos = []
-        finalPlaceInfos = []
-        for place in self.sortedPlaceInfos:
-            sortedPlaceInfos.append(str(place))
-        for place in self.finalPlaceInfos:
-            finalPlaceInfos.append(str(place))
+        sortedPlaceInfos = [str(place) for place in self.sortedPlaceInfos]
+        finalPlaceInfos = [str(place) for place in self.finalPlaceInfos]
         return (
             f"finalPlaceInfos: {finalPlaceInfos}, sortedPlaceInfos: {sortedPlaceInfos}"
         )
@@ -192,10 +188,10 @@ class PLRevGeoMapItemAdditionalPlaceInfo:
         self.dominantOrderType = dominantOrderType
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
-        for field in ["area", "name", "placeType", "dominantOrderType"]:
-            if getattr(self, field) != getattr(other, field):
-                return False
-        return True
+        return all(
+            getattr(self, field) == getattr(other, field)
+            for field in ["area", "name", "placeType", "dominantOrderType"]
+        )
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self.__eq__(other)
@@ -245,19 +241,19 @@ class CNPostalAddress:
         self._subLocality = _subLocality
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
-        for field in [
-            "_ISOCountryCode",
-            "_city",
-            "_country",
-            "_postalCode",
-            "_state",
-            "_street",
-            "_subAdministrativeArea",
-            "_subLocality",
-        ]:
-            if getattr(self, field) != getattr(other, field):
-                return False
-        return True
+        return all(
+            getattr(self, field) == getattr(other, field)
+            for field in [
+                "_ISOCountryCode",
+                "_city",
+                "_country",
+                "_postalCode",
+                "_state",
+                "_street",
+                "_subAdministrativeArea",
+                "_subLocality",
+            ]
+        )
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         return not self.__eq__(other)
@@ -490,16 +486,14 @@ class PlaceInfo4(PlaceInfo):
             "names": self.names,
             "country_code": self.country_code,
         }
-        strval = "PlaceInfo(" + ", ".join([f"{k}='{v}'" for k, v in info.items()]) + ")"
-        return strval
+        return "PlaceInfo(" + ", ".join([f"{k}='{v}'" for k, v in info.items()]) + ")"
 
     def as_dict(self):
-        info = {
+        return {
             "name": self.name,
             "names": self.names._asdict(),
             "country_code": self.country_code,
         }
-        return info
 
 
 class PlaceInfo5(PlaceInfo):
@@ -541,7 +535,7 @@ class PlaceInfo5(PlaceInfo):
     @property
     def address(self):
         addr = self._plrevgeoloc.postalAddress
-        address = PostalAddress(
+        return PostalAddress(
             street=addr._street,
             sub_locality=addr._subLocality,
             city=addr._city,
@@ -551,7 +545,6 @@ class PlaceInfo5(PlaceInfo):
             country=addr._country,
             iso_country_code=addr._ISOCountryCode,
         )
-        return address
 
     def _process_place_info(self):
         """ Process sortedPlaceInfos to set self._name and self._names """
@@ -630,11 +623,10 @@ class PlaceInfo5(PlaceInfo):
             "address_str": self.address_str,
             "address": str(self.address),
         }
-        strval = "PlaceInfo(" + ", ".join([f"{k}='{v}'" for k, v in info.items()]) + ")"
-        return strval
+        return "PlaceInfo(" + ", ".join([f"{k}='{v}'" for k, v in info.items()]) + ")"
 
     def as_dict(self):
-        info = {
+        return {
             "name": self.name,
             "names": self.names._asdict(),
             "country_code": self.country_code,
@@ -642,4 +634,3 @@ class PlaceInfo5(PlaceInfo):
             "address_str": self.address_str,
             "address": self.address._asdict(),
         }
-        return info
diff --git a/osxphotos/utils.py b/osxphotos/utils.py
index 131cfcf5..dbab5900 100644
--- a/osxphotos/utils.py
+++ b/osxphotos/utils.py
@@ -261,10 +261,9 @@ def get_preferred_uti_extension(uti):
 
     # reference: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coreservices/1442744-uttypecopypreferredtagwithclass?language=objc
 
-    ext = CoreServices.UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(
+    return CoreServices.UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(
         uti, CoreServices.kUTTagClassFilenameExtension
     )
-    return ext
 
 
 def findfiles(pattern, path_):